200 sieve) in size. The typical composition of smelting slags is Fe (as FeO, Fe 3 O 4) 30–40%; SiO 2 35–40%; Al 2 O 3 up to 10%; and CaO up to 10%. Copper slag is a by-product of copper extraction by smelting. The difference between the two methods of production greatly influences its use in PC-based materials, with the quenched granular material having a greater demand than the air-cooled CS. effect of Slag composition on copper losses to slag. Table 4.3. Composition Contribution (in %) 1 Silica - SiO 2 33.52 2 Iron - Fe 2 O 3 55.8 3 Aluminium - Al 2 O 3 3.8 4 Calcium –CaO 3.14 5 Magnesium –MgO 0.72 6 Sodium - Na 2 0.4 Potassium - K 2 O 0.76 8 Titanium - TiO 2 0.5 9 Copper – Cu 0.99 Figure 1: Appearance of Copper Slag Figure 2: Grading of Copper Slag . Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. This could have been caused by several factors relating to the mix proportioning, as well as the particle packing of aggregates in both sets of mixes, eliminating the advantage that could be accrued by the use of quenched CS as a cement constituent in the form of enhanced pozzolanic activity. COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS TRADE NAME Copper Slag CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Copper (as Cu) : Approx. Quenched CS would be expected to outperform air-cooled CS when used as a cement constituent, based on its mineralogical composition and especially its amorphous material content (Chapter 3). Rate of grit consumption, amount of dust generated, and surface finish quality are some of the variables affected by the choice of grit material. Schematic flow diagram for leaching of copper slag. Before going into detail, it is worth appreciating that the reported experimental strength data on such a wide scale and over a period of time can, to an extent, vary between studies. As refineries draw metal out of copper ore, they produce a large volume of non-metallic dust, soot, and rock. Rinse thoroughly with water. General trends observed are summarised in Figure 4.6 and are described below: Figure 4.6. The multiple extraction leaching tests indicate … Copper slag is … Except for three sets of results showing unduly high values [see footnote of Table 4.3(b)], all the data obtained over the period 1987–2015 given in Table 4.3(b) were used in developing Figure 4.7, with a box-and-whisker plot at each CS level created to visualise data distribution and determine outliers. Fine copper slag has reportedly been used in HMA pavements in California and granulated copper slag has been incorporated into asphalt mixes in Georgia to improve stability. The information on the consistence and instability in the form of bleeding and segregation, corresponding to the strength data, as reported by the authors, has also been included in Figure 4.7. The product meets the most rigid health and ecological standards. thetic slag composition, temperature and the crucible material affect the fluidity of molten copper and slag, both during the melting and the casting of molten metal and slag. The ulti-mate analyses of each oil are shown in Table 2. ; Seal, R.R., Characteristics and Environmental Aspects of Slag: A Review. The effects of CS replacing sand on the strength of concrete and mortar, with varying strength grade and replacement levels up to 100%, have been investigated in a large number of studies reported since 1989. MineralTech CP Copper Slag Safety Data Sheet Prepared according to Federal Register / Vol. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Copper_slag&oldid=967311512, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 July 2020, at 14:36. 2). Data from Piatak, N.M.; Parsons, M.B. by nelting coptr)er ore in oil-fired reverberatory furnaces. Copper slag can be used in concrete production as a partial replacement for sand. It has high friction angle due to a sharp angular shape. For the analysis of the slag composition influence on the copper losses, we used the 24 Ž. Živković / JMM 45 (1) B (2009) 23 - 34. data obtained from the industrial conditions in the Copper Smelter Company – RTB Bor, (Serbia). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.04.009. Upon CS production, the molten slag may either be air-cooled in an ambient environment or rapidly cooled by quenching it in a granulator. Experimental charges were quenched and prepared in polished mounts. Figure 7.13. The copper is being produced from a copper concentrate containing around 30 - 35% of copper, iron and sulphur each along with around 12% of silica and 5% of calcium. Typical physical and mechanical properties of copper slag. 7.13), depending on the curing temperature. The usage of this slag reduces the usage of primary materials as well as reduces the construction depth which in turn reduces energy demand in building. During smelting, impurities become slag which floats on the molten metal. In this process, a stream of abrasive grains called grit are propelled toward the workpiece. Indeed, this is likely to be the main contributor to the variable trends observed in the strength data provided in the literature, and this can clearly be seen from all the data presented Table 4.3 in two forms, namely the studies where, perhaps prudently, the two sets of mixes, CS mix and the corresponding reference mix without CS, were made to have the same consistence, and these results are presented in Table 4.3(a), and where the water/cement ratio was considered as the prime factor and kept constant, even if the consistence was to vary, and these results are presented in Table 4.3(b). Data from Gorai, B., Jana, R. K., & Premchand (2003). Copper slag is just one of many different materials that may be used as abrasive grit. copper is recovered from copper-containing slag by putting the matte and slag in a molten state together in a slag treating furnace at a volume ration of more than 1:5, the melts in the furnace being maintained under agitation so that the slag and matte are in intimate contact so as to efficiently transfer copper from the slag to the matte. The strength of concrete can increase with CS content, Figure 4.6(a); The strength of concrete can increase with CS content up to a varying optimum level and then decrease with increasing CS content, but the strength of CS concrete remains higher than that of normal concrete, Figure 4.6(b), or goes below the normal concrete level, Figure 4.6(c); The strength of concrete can decrease with CS content, Figure 4.6(d). It was demonstrated that oxygen partial pressure and slag composition affect the partitioning of these metals to the copper phase and the favourable slag … The slags cannot be discarded due to the high content of copper and hence they are sent to a milling and flotation plant (Slag Mill Plant) for liberation and recovery of copper. Adapted from Piatak, N.M.; Parsons, M.B. The slag is a complex mixture of metals, sulphides, silicates and oxides with a glassy amorphous material. The objectives of this study were to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of particulate (red mud and copper slag) filled epoxy-bamboo fiber hybrid composites and present the comparison … Under a constant water/cement ratio, with a given set of materials, and in the absence of particle size distribution data for the two sands, such a variable strength response with increasing CS content is most likely to be the outcome of varying particle packing, with the positive effect of CS as a sand material at a certain point (in this case up to 50/50 sand/CS content), being gradually eroded, and beyond a certain content (in this case 80% CS) it enters the negative field. As road-construction material called grit are propelled toward the workpiece product meets the most health. Multiple extraction leaching tests on mechanically activated samples gives an idea of the cements. Collins, R. K., & amp ; Premchand ( 2003 ), 299–313 copper ( as Cu:... 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