As the members of this colicky command group settled into Spa and prepared for the coming campaign, they all agreed with the GIs: It was time to take the “hit” out of Hitler. Roads in the forest are few, winding, and narrow. The battle of the Hurtgen Forest is not well known in U.K. (And also not in Germany, so I understand!) Power publications. For two weeks across the 170-mile front of the First and Ninth Armies, the 28th Division would be the only U.S. unit launching an attack, attracting the undivided attention of German defenders who already knew precisely where the Blutiger Eimer (Bloody Bucket) division was assembling. 1944, Hürtgen Forest Battle. “Pushing, shoving, throwing away equipment, trying to outrun the artillery and each other,” an officer reported, the men scorched up the ridge toward their original positions at the beginning of the Hürtgen battle four days earlier. My unique and exciting, customised tours, cater for individuals, couples and for small groups of up to a maximum of 8 people. In mid-November, the 8th Division arrived in the Hürtgen to replace the 28th, which was shunted to a placid sector in the Ardennes for rest and recuperation. By 10 a.m., Schmidt once again belonged to the Reich. Reconstructed inscription: "To Marcus Caelius, son of Titus, of the Lemonian district, from Bologna, first centurion of … In late October 1944 the 9th Inf. One regiment took four days to move a mile; another needed five. A discussion about the terrible battles that were fought here in Merode, at a very heavy cost to the American 1st Infantry Division and the German 3rd Fallschirmjager division, DER BUHLERT -The German “Der Buhlert” Bunkers, near Schmidt. After 36 hours the regiment would hold only a narrow, mile-deep salient into enemy territory, a salient almost mirrored by Germans infiltrating the U.S. ranks. Such a command climate bred inordinate caution, suppressing both initiative and élan, and the men making up First Army’s senior staff made it worse. For larger groups or school history trips, please email me for details at: whitecrossbattlefieldtours@gmail.com, Email: whitecrossbattlefieldtours@gmail.com This specious historical analogy—the Germans could hardly mass enough armor in the cramped Hürtgen to pose a mortal threat—received little critical scrutiny within First Army, not least because of reluctance to challenge Hodges. German engineers more recently had pruned timber for fields of fire, built log bunkers with interlocking kill zones, and sowed mines by the thousands on trails and firebreaks; along one especially vicious trace, a mine could be found every eight paces for three miles. The bad news from Schmidt reached Field Marshal Walter Model that same afternoon at Schlenderhan castle in the horse country west of Cologne, hardly 25 miles from the battlefield. “I left with an incredible relief and with a sadness I had never so far known.”, From his fieldstone house, furnished with a potbelly stove and a brass bed in the living room, Hemingway rambled about in a sheepskin vest. A German engineer interrogated in Spa intimated that a wall of water could barrel down the Roer. Hodges was an old-school soldier: He had flunked out of West Point—undone by plebe geometry—and risen through the ranks after enlisting as a private in 1905. A top secret memo to Hodges from Ninth Army’s General Simpson on November 5 cited a Corps of Engineers study titled “Summaries of the Military Use of the Roer River Reservoir System,” which concluded that the enemy could “maintain the Roer River at flood stage for approximately ten days…or can produce a two-day flood of catastrophic proportions.” An American attack over the Roer might be crippled, with tactical bridges swept away and any troops east of the river isolated and annihilated. The Hürtgen neutralized U.S. military advantages in armor, artillery, air power, and mobility, but Hodges was convinced that no First Army drive to the Roer was possible without first securing the forest and capturing Schmidt, from which every approach to the river was visible. Low clouds and fog had impaired Allied fighter-bombers for the past two days; with luck, reinforcements could hasten forward, unimpeded, on the good roads threading the Roer valley. One division commander said of him: “Unexcitable. Red Cross volunteers served pancakes and beer, and the division band played soldierly airs. See more ideas about forest, world war ii, wwii. Museum 1944 und im Frieden, Geschichtsverein Hürtgenwald e.V., Vossenack, Hürtgen, Allerseelenschlacht November 1944, Gemeinde Hürtgenwald Among those sent to the rear for psychiatric examination were two GI collectors, one with a cache of ears sliced from dead Germans and another with a souvenir bag of teeth. Machine gun post manned by men of 1st Battalion 157th Regiment US 45th Division near Bastogne Belgium; note M1919 Browning heavy machine gun. Plus an insight into the 6 day battle here, the heavy fighting in and around the beautifully restored Merode Castle (39th Infantry) and a bullet scarred house in the village itself. The attack began no better for the 109th Regiment on the left flank. Karel Margry. 2002. More and more of the perfect groves were gashed yellow with machine-gun bullets or reduced to charred stumps—“no birds, no sighing winds, no carpeted paths,” Forrest Pogue reported. By September 1944, the Allied offensive in Western Europe had swept from the Normandy beaches all the way to the West Wall, or Siegfried Line, the formidable defensive position along the German border consisting of concrete bunkers fronted by antitank obstacles. Seven Allied armies would advance east apace, arrayed from north to south: the Canadian First; the British Second; the U.S. Ninth, First, Third, and Seventh; and the French First. “I tell you frankly, I can’t take much more of it.”, Survivors from the Kall were trucked to Rötgen, where pyramidal tents had been erected with straw floors and stacks of wool blankets. The 9th Division in late September had learned how lethal the Hürtgen could be when its troops tried to cross the forest as part of the initial VII Corps effort to outflank Aachen. and it was good to visit such a place, knowing that the volunteer staff fully appreciated our interest. Definitely worth a visit. Not least of First Army’s quirks as it prepared to renew the drive toward the Rhine was what one correspondent called “slightly angry bafflement” at continued German resistance, a resentment that the enemy did not know he was beaten. Fighter-bombers incinerated recalcitrant towns with napalm, and one potato village after another was blasted to dust by artillery. Confrontation with the Americans would first fall to the 116th Panzer Division, which had fought through Yugoslavia and southern Russia as far as the Caspian Sea before surviving more recent battles in the west, at Falaise and Aachen. A commander who offered his men $5 for every tree found unscarred by shellfire got no takers. Radios worked fitfully, and messengers were ambushed or forestalled by descending curtains of artillery. Playing next. No, that did not happen, would not, could not. He likened the menace on his right flank to that posed by German forces in the Argonne Forest to the American left flank during General John J. Pershing’s storied offensive on the Meuse in the autumn of 1918. Eleven thousand artillery rounds chewed up German revetments and flayed the forest with steel from shells detonating in the tree canopy. Forestry is a mod created by SirSengir which adds many new items, ores, and machines to Minecraft. “Nobody was enthusiastic about fighting there, but what was the alternative?…If we would have turned loose of the Hürtgen and let the Germans roam there, they could have hit my flank.”, NO LESS REGRETTABLE was a misreading of German topography. Barking officers grabbed at their soldiers’ herringbone collars in an attempt to turn them, but hundreds leaked down the road toward Kommerscheidt, forsaking their dead and wounded. The battle of the Hurtgen Forest is not well known in U.K. (And also not in Germany, so I understand!) The Battle of Hurtgen Forest. GIs unable to leave their flooded rifle pits, described as “artesian wells,” were once again reduced to defecating in empty C-ration cans. The Hurtgen is littered with live ordnance and will never be fully clear. “So this is combat,” a lieutenant new to the Hürtgen reflected. Prominent along the medium-sized river were the massive dams at Schwammenauel and Urft, which together restrained 123,000 acre-feet of water. Opening the floodgates or destroying those two dams would cause “at the most local floodings for about five days,” Dickson asserted. “I never saw a wood so thick with trees as the Hürtgen,” a GI later wrote. All through the night and into the next day, frightened, fatigued men made their way across the icy Kall in small irregular groups, or alone.”. After nightfall, in relentless rain and stygian darkness, engineers hacked at the trail with picks and shovels—a bulldozer broke down half an hour after arriving—but even the nimble Weasels seemed clay footed, and the ammunition trailers they towed had to be unhitched and manhandled around each sharp turn into and out of the gorge. Army/National Archives), (Map:?Baker Vail; Source: Gene Thorp map from "The Guns at Last Light," by Rick Atkinson). Here the Imperial German Army had placed its field headquarters during the last weeks of World War I: It was in the Grand Hôtel Britannique on the Rue de la Sauvenière that Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg concluded the cause was lost. Plus a visit to the excellent Vossenack Museum. Against such odds, and to the surprise of American and German alike, the division’s main attack won through in the center. The 4 very impressive and intact, “Der Buhlert” camouflaged German Bunkers, hidden deep in the forest, near Schmidt (optional long hike, but well worth it). You’re getting yours, aincha?”. People are still injured, maimed and killed by explosives in the forest. (Jump off-positions began here). “Damn the dams,” they would tell one another again and again. The morning wore on, and the existential crisis sharpened. Although this is a small map, it is so highly detailed and carefully crafted that I believe it comparable to Relic’s own professionally-made maps. Of more than 2,000 American soldiers who had fought east of the Kall, barely 300 returned. Soft ground, mines, and panzerfaust volleys wrecked five Shermans, but before noon burning Vossenack belonged to Cota’s men, who burrowed into the northeast nose of the ridgeline. We found some nice stuff! Pogue was reminded of the claustrophobic bloodletting of May 1864 in another haunted woodland, one in eastern Virginia: “There was a desolation,” he wrote, “such as one associated with the Battle of the Wilderness.”, Nearly half of the 6,500 German defenders from the 275th Division had been killed, wounded, or captured in checking the 9th Division; reinforcements included two companies of Düren policemen known as “family fathers” because most were at least 45 years old. Humphrey Bogart, U.S. film actor (The African Queen, Casablanca, The Maltese Falcon). Two American battalions in column spilled down a twisting cart track, then forded the icy Kall near an ancient sawmill and emerged from the beeches limning the far ridge to pounce on the drab hamlet of Kommerscheidt. Patrols crept through the lines searching for hundreds of missing GIs in the once perfect ranks of trees, now quite imperfect. For nearly a week the green 78th Division, reinforced by a regiment from the 82nd Airborne and eventually the veteran 9th Division, had retaken ground won and then lost in the Hürtgen battles of late fall: the Kall gorge—where dozens of decaying, booby-trapped corpses of 28th Division troops still lined the trail—and then Kommerscheidt, and finally ruined Schmidt, captured in a cellar-to-cellar gunfight on February 8 after 40 battalions of U.S. artillery made the rubble bounce. It also adds bees which can be placed in Bee Houses, Apiaries or the larger multi-block Alveary. The forest's rough terrain starkly contrasts with that of the adjoining Rhine Valley. In late October the Bloody Bucketeers—as they called themselves with sardonic pride—assembled beneath the yellow-gashed firs. The reconnaissance battalion was already galloping toward Schmidt, followed by the bulk of the division and by troops from the 89th Infantry Division. The Shermans fired four rounds apiece to dismember the church steeple in the town of Vossenack and any snipers hidden in the belfry, and 200 white-phosphorus mortar shells set the village ablaze. But in 1944 GIs hauled the roulette wheels and chemin-de-fer tables from beneath the crystal chandeliers in the casino on the Rue Royale, replacing them with field desks and triple bunks. The kids are fine and so adorable. After Eisenhower left, Hodges gave Cota yet another tongue lashing. Panzer drumfire from Schmidt soon reduced nine Shermans to six, and nine tank destroyers to three. Nicely preserved American foxholes in this area (121st Infantry) and German positions inc observation post, on the edge of the woods, SCHMIDT – Schmidt Church, the American & German direction of attacks & a memorial made entirely from shrapnel, MESTRENGER MUHLE – A beautifully restored water mill, near the Kall river bridge, that was used as an aid-station and was heavily damaged, AID-STATION – The former improvised American Aid station location, on the Kall trail, in the Kall Valley, KALL TRAIL HIKE – The Kall Trail hike, from Vossenack to Schmidt & Kommerscheidt, including an American armored vehicle track -burnt into the ground, the Kall Bridge itself, the location of the aid-station & the Mestrenger Muhle, ALL SOULS DAY BATTLE -The Kall Bridge,”A Time for healing” memorial & foxholes by the trail itself, plus a discussion about “The All Souls Day Battle” and the unofficial ceasfire that occurred here and was negotiated at the bridge, I can show you masses of American & German foxholes on and surrounding the Kall Trail valley, Guiding American Film director – John Herzfeld & his wife around the Hurtgen in October 2018. A relief battalion from the 110th Infantry that had been ordered to huddle together for warmth in Vossenack—“just like cattle do in a storm,” one survivor reported—attracted a 30-minute artillery barrage. Me and MjrCarnyx went on another Metal Detecting trip together in the Hürtgen Forest in Germany. Come nightfall, American artillery smothered Kommerscheidt with high explosives to hide the sounds of withdrawal, and two columns slipped into the gorge. Mar 19, 2018 - Explore Joseph Callow's board "Hurtgen forest" on Pinterest. Discover (and save!) Soldiers at dusk fashioned litters from tree limbs and overcoats. Vossenack Church & the extremely heavy battles for the village. See more ideas about forest, wwii, world war ii. Small bespoke tours are much more personal and interesting and a good way to make friends, or to share our mutual interest in WW2. Reeling from lack of sleep and grieving for his gutted command, Cota phoned Gerow to propose that survivors marooned across the ravine retreat to a new line west of the Kall. The army historian Forrest Pogue described one cashiered officer waiting by the road for a ride to the rear, belongings piled about him “like a mendicant.”. The fast flowing Rur River flows through it’s centre and there are some wonderful restaurants to sample local beers, wine and excellent food (optional visit), Lukas – Muhle (old mill & huge former German aid-station location), near Schmidt & Vossenack, Tiefelbach River & the assaults on Brandenberg & Bergstein. Just the rumor of another panzer attack sent spooked riflemen scouring for the gorge, but any illusion of refuge there soon vanished. Single American divisions continued to gnaw and be gnawed: Attacks in coming days by the 4th and 8th Infantry Divisions, like those by the 9th and the 28th, gained little at enormous cost, with battalions reduced to the size of companies and companies shaved to platoons. In early October, the 9th Division’s intelligence officer had warned that German mischief could generate “great destructive flood waves” as far downstream as the Netherlands. 28th Infantry Division troops advance through the Hürtgen Forest in Germany on November 2, 1944, at the start of a long, bloody fight. On Sunday night, reconnaissance troops from the 116th Panzer clattered down the Kall creek bed past an old sawmill, through ferns half as high as a man. The 28th had regained full strength but only with many replacements untrained as infantrymen, under officers and sergeants plucked from antiaircraft units and even the Army Air Forces. He had been seen weeping by the road as trucks passed carrying wounded soldiers from the front. The Battle of the Huertgen Forest. Telephone: (mobile) +44 77208 55690 Simpson proposed to Hodges that he immediately “block these [enemy] capabilities.” A flanking attack toward Schmidt from Monschau in the south would also permit capture of Urft, Schwammenauel, and their sisters. As the gray skies spat sleet, 15 panzers and 2 infantry battalions renewed the attack on Tuesday morning, shooting up farmsteads and garden shacks. Still in their raincoats and hip boots, the engineers battled infiltrators all night around the church; Germans at one point occupied the tower and the basement while GIs held the nave. Battle of Hurtgen forest. Hurtgen Forest (2) Subscribe. This is the worst. On Tuesday morning, November 7, the engineers helped beat back a panzergrenadier assault, keeping Vossenack in American hands except for the eastern fringe, dubbed the Rubble Pile, which the Germans would hold for another month. A flourishing resort since the 1500s—the German travel-guide publisher Karl Baedeker had called it “the oldest European watering-place of any importance”—Spa reached its zenith in the 18th century with visits by Peter the Great and other potentates keen to promenade beneath the elms or to marinate in the 16 mineral springs infused with iron and carbonic acid. With Germans still entrenched on the high ground at Schmidt, any November offensive to the Rhine now stood in jeopardy. A large sign posted in the forest warned, “Front line a hundred yards. Having already committed his only division reserve to help the hard-pressed 110th Infantry in the south, the little Napoleon had lost control of the battle before it really began. Despite the setback, Hodges and his command group soldiered on: At a November dinner party in the Spa generals’ mansion, the table was decorated with the distinctive black A of First Army’s shoulder flash, originally adopted in 1918. IN LATE OCTOBER 1944, the U.S. First Army set up its winter headquarters in the Belgian town of Spa. Those gimlet-eyed German observers on Hill 400 lobbed 20 artillery rounds or more onto each position, shifting guns hole by hole by hole; sobbing men waited in terror as the footfall drew closer. (PFC G. W. Goodman/U.S. IN LESS THAN THREE MONTHS, six U.S. Army infantry divisions would be tossed into the Hürtgen, plus an armored brigade, a Ranger battalion, and sundry other units. A tank company trying to negotiate the steep Kall trail managed, with a great deal of winching around the hairpin turns, to get three Shermans across the ravine to help repel an initial German lunge at Kommerscheidt from Schmidt. More pops followed, more shrieks, more maimed boys. For generations, forest masters had meticulously pruned undergrowth and managed logging, leaving perfectly aligned firs as straight and regular as soldiers on parade, in what one visitor called “a picture forest.” But some of its acreage grew wild, particularly along creek beds and in the deep ravines where even at midday sunlight penetrated only as a dim rumor. A very good relic hunting trip in the Eifel, Battle of the Bulge relics. Of the 13 corps and division commanders relieved in 12th Army Group during the war, 10 would fall from grace in First Army, the most recent being Major General Charles Corlett of XIX Corps after the German surrender at Aachen earlier in the month. (because i found German mortar shells nearby, crators and several other foxholes), Kesternich – a village where 2 ferocious battles occurred, house to house, hand-to hand combat and the story of how a medal of honor was won, Huge piece of shrapnel I found, on the edge of an American foxhole, near Grosshau, in January 2019, 7 x unfired GERMAN MG42 machine gun rounds, from an ammunition belt, found for my customer’s on the Kall Trail (9-10-2019), Ordensburg Vogelsang (Massive former Nazi training/education complex in the Eifel), Paustenbach (Hill 554) – The heavy fighting to take this strategic hill, that lasted almost 2 weeks and cost many lives on both sides. At headquarters, the supreme commander listened to Cota’s account and then said with a shrug, “Well, Dutch, it looks like you got a bloody nose.” Hodges and Gerow arrived a few minutes later for a hurried conference. This might be due to the fact that it's closed in by the famous Operation Market Garden and the Battle of the Bulge. Men were “killed right and left as they were milling around….Everybody was trying to jump over a bleeding body to find shelter.” One company lost 41 of 127 men, another 75 of 140. Dawn on Monday laid bare the American plight. A relief force of 400 men had fought across a firebreak in the Kall gorge to reach Kommerscheidt on Sunday, but none of the accompanying tanks or tank destroyers could bull through German roadblocks. Hodges, he added, was “very dissatisfied….All we seem to be doing is losing ground.” Not until 3 p.m. on Wednesday, November 8, did the withdrawal order reach the battered last-stand redoubt. I crafted this map off and on for a period of three years, inspired by the Operation Market Garden map “Best”. MS wooden cross. “He went on and on about how we might lose the war,” Major General Pete Quesada, the commander of IX Tactical Air Command, said after one unhappy conference. By mid-October the division was still far short of Schmidt and had suffered 4,500 casualties to gain 3,000 yards—a man down every two feet—and no battalion in the two spearhead regiments could field more than 300 men. The mobility and superiority of tanks and aircraft were largely canceled out. FIRST ARMY WAS THE LARGEST American fighting force in Europe, and Hodges was the wrong general to command it. The Battle of Hurtgen Forest: The Spellmount Siegfried Line Series: Untold Story of a Disastrous Campaign | Whiting, Charles | ISBN: 9781862270947 | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. Bradley would later claim that by mid-October “we were very much aware of the threat they posed” and that the “whole point” of the renewed attack through the Hürtgen was “to gain control of the dams and spillways.” That was untrue. An abrupt, piercing scream unmanned Company G, which fled for the rear through Vossenack, and the contagion instantly infected the ranks. The 109th had advanced barely 300 yards when a sharp pop was followed by a shriek: a GI clutched his bloody foot. “We squat in an air-less cellar,” a German medic wrote his parents. Unsubscribe Description. Total War Rome 2 - Battle Teutoburg Forest Historical Battle - Legendary [1080p] Legionario-TC . Introduction. Copyright © 2013. Hurtgen forest Collection by Joseph Callow. Model ordered the corps commander back to his post, but other officers—including two army commanders—were instructed to continue the war game, using dispatches from the front to help orchestrate the battle. Tank crews showed little sense of urgency—“Everybody appeared to treat the disabled tanks with the same kind of warmhearted affection an old-time cavalryman might lavish on his horse,” the army’s official history acknowledged. The Battle of Hurtg… The Urft finally fell in early February, but only because German defenders had rallied round the Schwammenauel and the 20 billion gallons it impounded. “He was pushing Gerow awfully hard.” Cota was reduced to scribbling another order that might or might not reach the 112th Infantry: “It is imperative that the town of Schmidt be secured at once.” He ended the message: “Roll on.”. ON THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 9, the 28th Division began planting a defensive barrier of 5,000 mines around the cramped salient held in the Hürtgen. By late October, as First Army coiled to resume its attack, unnerving details about the Roer and its waterworks had begun to accumulate. Sketchy reports indicated that in fact a strong assault against the German LXXIV Corps threatened to overrun the Roer dams that generated much of the electricity west of the Rhine. Ernest Hemingway, who for several weeks would live in a fieldstone house south of Stolberg near the village of Vicht while filing reports for Collier’s, suggested that it would “save everybody a lot of trouble if they just shot them as soon as they got out of the trucks.”. Telephoned congratulations from division and corps commanders across the front poured into Cota’s headquarters in Rott, 10 miles to the west. Just before sunrise on Saturday, November 4, German artillery fire crashed and heaved from three directions around Schmidt. But the brisk brrrr of machine-gun fire from pillboxes on the division’s right flank mowed down men in the 110th Infantry Regiment—“singly, in groups, and by platoons,” the division history recorded. But the Germans, who by then had had plenty of time to prepare for just this exigency, blew the Schwammenauel’s valves open, which, along with the snowmelt and rain, made the Roer impossible to bridge. Four compact woodland tracts formed the Hürtgen, 11 miles long and 5 miles wide in all. Army engineers grooming the trail ran for their lives, as German sappers mined the switchbacks, set up ambushes, and cut off more than a thousand GIs east of the ravine. Soon the entire battalion took to its heels, Companies I, K, and L scrabbling through gardens and over fences, “ragged, scattered, disorganized infantrymen,” in one lieutenant’s account. Obviously neither the First Army nor the Ninth, farther downstream to the northwest, could safely cross the Roer and make for the Rhine until the dams were neutralized. 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